Wake on LAN

Wake on LAN 集成可让您向支持 Wake on LAN 的设备发送 magic packets，以将其唤醒开机。

Home Assistant 目前支持以下设备类型：

Button enabled from the UI
Switch enabled from YAML configuration

Tip

如果您想在不使用 YAML 的情况下实现一个开关，可以考虑使用 template switch helper。将 Wake on LAN 按钮作为开机操作，使用 ping 传感器表示状态，再用第三个服务作为关机操作。

::: :::note 配置此集成可通过 UI 配置。前往 设置 > 设备与服务 添加。

Mac address:
  description: "The MAC address to send the wake-up command to. For example, `00:01:02:03:04:05`."
Broadcast address:
  description: 要发送 magic packet 的主机 IP 地址。
Broadcast port:
  description: 要发送 magic packet 的端口。

集成服务

可用服务：send_magic_packet。

如果您只想使用此服务，请将以下内容添加到 configuration.yaml 文件中

# Example configuration.yaml entry
wake_on_lan:

操作

可用操作：send_magic_packet。

操作：发送 magic packet

wake_on_lan.send_magic_packet 操作用于向支持 'Wake on LAN' 的设备发送 magic packet 以唤醒设备。

Data attribute	Optional	Description
`mac`	no	MAC address of the device to wake up.
`broadcast_address`	yes	Optional broadcast IP where to send the magic packet.
`broadcast_port`	yes	Optional port where to send the magic packet.

示例操作数据：

{
   "mac":"00:40:13:ed:f1:32"
}

Note

这通常仅在目标设备连接到同一网络时有效。要将 magic packet 路由到其他子网，需要在路由器上进行特殊配置，或者可能根本无法实现。用于转发该数据包的功能通常叫做 IP Helper。它可能支持 Wake on LAN，但并非所有路由器都支持。

Button

wake_on_lan (WOL) 按钮集成可让您打开支持 WOL 的计算机。

WOL 按钮只能用于开机。它会向配置中指定的 MAC 地址发送 magic packet。由于它是按钮，因此没有状态。这意味着它无法监控支持 WOL 的计算机是否真的收到了唤醒请求并已启动。

Switch

wake_on_lan (WOL) 开关集成可让您打开支持 WOL 的计算机。

WOL 开关只能用于开机和监控状态。目前并不存在通用的远程关机方式。turn_off 变量是为了让您在找到适合自己计算机的远程关机方法后，能够调用相应脚本。下方提供了一些建议做法。

要求二进制程序 ping 位于您的 $PATH 中。

要在安装环境中启用此开关，请将以下内容添加到 configuration.yaml 文件中：

# Example configuration.yaml entry
switch:
  - platform: wake_on_lan
    mac: MAC_ADDRESS

mac:
  description: "The MAC address to send the wake up command to, e.g, `00:01:02:03:04:05`."
  required: true
  type: string
name:
  description: 开关名称。
  required: false
  default: Wake on LAN
  type: string
host:
  description: 用于检查设备状态（开/关）的 IP 地址或主机名。如果未提供，则开关状态将根据最后一次执行的操作进行推断。
  required: false
  type: string
turn_off:
  description: 定义当开关关闭时要运行的 [action](/home-assistant/getting-started/automation/)。
  required: false
  type: string
broadcast_address:
  description: The IP address of the host to send the magic packet to.
  required: false
  default: 255.255.255.255
  type: string
broadcast_port:
  description: The port to send the magic packet to.
  required: false
  type: integer

示例

以下是一些实际使用 turn_off 变量的示例。

挂起 Linux

下面是一种建议做法：让运行在另一台 Linux 计算机（server）上的 Home Assistant，通过 turn_off 脚本挂起目标 Linux 计算机（target）。

On the server, log in as the user account Home Assistant is running under. In this example it's hass.
On the server, create a .ssh directory in /config. This is necessary to avoid a 255 error that prevents the SSH command from executing.
On the server, create SSH keys by running ssh-keygen. Just press enter on all questions.
On the target, create a new account that Home Assistant can ssh into: sudo adduser hass. Just press enter on all questions except password. It's recommended using the same username as on the server. If you do, you can leave out hass@ in the SSH commands below.
On the server, transfer your public SSH key by ssh-copy-id hass@TARGET where TARGET is your target machine's name or IP address. Enter the password you created in step 4.
On the server, verify that you can reach your target machine without password by ssh TARGET.
On the target, we need to let the hass user execute the program needed to suspend/shut down the target computer. Here it is pm-suspend, use poweroff to turn off the computer. First, get the full path: which pm-suspend. On my system, this is /usr/sbin/pm-suspend.
On the target, using an account with sudo access (typically your main account), sudo visudo. Add this line last in the file: hass ALL=NOPASSWD:/usr/sbin/pm-suspend, where you replace hass with the name of your user on the target, if different, and /usr/sbin/pm-suspend with the command of your choice, if different.
On the server, add the following to your configuration, replacing TARGET with the target's name:

switch:
  - platform: wake_on_lan
    name: "TARGET"
    mac: XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
    turn_off:
      action: shell_command.turn_off_TARGET

shell_command:
  turn_off_TARGET: "ssh hass@TARGET sudo pm-suspend"

结合自动化的辅助按钮

使用 wake_on_lan 平台定义的开关，在 UI 中会同时显示可点击的 on 和 off 操作。如果您不打算使用 turn_off 功能，那么使用虚拟按钮配合自动化会更简洁，也更不容易引起误解，因为它只会有一个操作。

First, define a new helper button.
- Go to Settings > Devices & services > Helpers and select the + Create helper button. Choose Button and give it a name. A button named "Wake PC" will render like this:
Then, create a new automation. Go to Settings > Automations & scenes and select + Create Automation.
- The trigger will be on State and the entity will be the button you created.
- Continuing your example, the trigger YAML will look like this:
  trigger: state entity_id: - input_button.wake_pc
For the action, select Perform action and choose Wake on LAN: Send magic packet.
Type in the target MAC address.
- Do not change the broadcast port unless you've configured your device to listen to a different port.
- Continuing our example, the action YAML looks like this:
  action: wake_on_lan.send_magic_packet data: broadcast_port: 9 mac: 00:11:22:33:44:55
Save the automation. Now, when you activate PRESS on the helper button in the UI, Home Assistant will send a wake packet to the configured MAC.

#Wake on LAN

#集成服务

#操作

#操作：发送 magic packet

#Button

#Switch

#示例

#挂起 Linux

#结合自动化的辅助按钮